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How the human can breath underwater just like fish... Liquid Ventilation

In PLV (mechanical ventilation), oxygen - carrying fluids - is dripped through the lungs into the lungs of the patient. In this article I will describe how PL V is used today and how patients who receive it can be cared for. The currently preferred liquids are liquids with oxygen and carbon dioxide bearing properties (e.g. liquid oxygen, liquid carbon monoxide). Perflubron helps to open collapsed alveoli, increase gas exchange and improve lung conformity so that the ventilator can operate at the same level it reaches. This improved conformity allows ventilation with increased tidal volume, resulting in increased gas exchange and PFC fluids in the lungs, which can contribute to improved ventilation and mismatch of the perfusion. ...

Black death: The worst pandemic in history


How medieval writers struggled to make sense of the Black Death

He whips out his various instruments and whips them with his fingers, hands and feet as if he were whipping himself with them.

The Black Death was a plague pandemic that ravaged Europe, killing an estimated 75 to 200 million people and peaking in Europe between 1348 and 1350. Black death was one of the most devastating pandemics in history, killing an estimated 25 to 30 million people. When the first major outbreak of the plague, the Great Plague of 1347-48, began, Europe experienced the deadliest outbreak in history.

The bacillus-borne disease, transmitted by fleas and rodents, originated in Central Asia and was brought there from Crimea by Mongolian warriors and traders. In 1347 - 48 the plague entered Europe for the first time, carried by Genoese merchant ships crossing the Black Sea. She reached Europe on 14 July 1348, when 12 ships from the Black Sea docked in the Sicilian port of Messina.

The people who had gathered in the dock were surprised by a terrible surprise: most of the sailors on the ships were dead, and the ones who were still alive were covered with black boils and blood and pus. The Sicilian authorities hastily ordered a fleet of death ships to enter the port, but it was too late. Within the next five years, the Black Death would kill up to 1.5 million people in Europe and more than 2 million in America. When the "death ships" entered the port of Messina, many Europeans heard for the first time of this great plague, which had acquired its reputation as the deadliest disease in human history.

Also known as the plague of Galen, the plague of Antonin was an ancient pandemic that affected Asia Minor, Egypt, Greece and Italy. Although the true cause is still unknown, it is believed that it was smallpox or measles, but soldiers returning from Mesopotamia in 165AD brought the unknown disease back to Rome and spread it unknowingly, ultimately killing 5 million people and decimating the Roman army. The plague under Justinian was a bubonic plague that struck the port cities of the Byzantine Empire on the Mediterranean, killing 25 million people, while the Black Death, an outbreak of the same disease in Europe in the mid-19th century, killed perhaps half of Europe's population.

During the Middle Ages, various epidemics and diseases, as contemporaries called them, were the worst catastrophes in recorded history. It is estimated that 50 million people died as a result of these deadly diseases. The story of the Black Death has hit the headlines again in recent years following the discovery of a disease known as coronavirus.

According to some estimates, it destroyed the lives of more than 1.5 million people in the Middle Ages, most of them children and young adults.

The suffering was unprecedented, but the people of medieval Europe were not unaccustomed to suffering, and few were as memorable and threatening as the Black Death. It arrived in Italy in 1347 and spread rapidly, destroying more than half of the country's population as well as much of its agriculture and agricultural-dependent industries.

What ultimately led Henry to write this work remains a mystery, but it is hard to imagine the effects of the disease's rapid and devastating mortality. The first wave of the Black Death most likely came from China and occurred between 1347 and 1348, with up to 1.5 million people killed in Italy, Spain and France within two years. Death would occur in the form of fever, vomiting, diarrhoea, diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting - symptoms that appeared as early as 6 months after the first sign of illness or only 10 years later. For those who fell ill, the mortality rate was probably over 60%, and death would have occurred as early as two weeks after the onset of symptoms.

Historians estimate that up to 60 percent of the population died in some places. In just four years, up to 40 percent of all people in Europe have been killed, in some places as much as 80 percent.

You need bubonic plague, which attacks the lymphatic system, pneumonic plague, which attacks the lungs, and septic plague, which attacks the blood.

During so-called plague pandemics, the plague settles in the local environment and returns again and again in order to wear out and disguise the population. The Black Death, Benedictow wrote, was "the most devastating disease in the history of mankind and one of the deadliest diseases of modern times. In 1351 it passed from an epidemic phase in which the disease suddenly appeared to a pandemic phase.

Nevertheless, subsequent outbreaks, the second plague pandemic, continued to kill 10-20% of the population before returning. As devastating as the Black Death was, in terms of mortality it was not as devastating as the first pandemic.

Strange as it may seem to a modern audience, the people of the Middle Ages and early modern times got used to the plague and took the periodic loss of population very seriously. The Black Death .represents one of the most important lifestyles - changing events in the history of mankind


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